Then a small amount of blood is drawn out and discarded, after which the intended blood sample is drawn. The port that can be used to draw a blood sample is cleansed with alcohol. Some central venous catheters have a couple or several lumens, one of may be used to withdraw a blood sample. Label the specimen with the data that is required according to your facility's policy and procedure for laboratory blood samples.Place an adhesive bandage over the site.Place sterile gauze on the site using sufficient pressure to prevent bleeding for about 1 or 2 minutes.Take the tourniquet off when the last tube is filled.Insert the sterile needle into the vein at a 15 to 30 degree angle.Pull the skin taunt so that the desired and suitable vein is accessible.Clean the site with an alcohol prep pad with a circular pattern from the site of the venipuncture to the area surrounding the site of the venipuncture.Place the tourniquet on the client's arm about 3 to 4 inches above the selected site.Choose a suitable site for the venipuncture.Gather and organize the correct laboratory tubes for the specimens that you will be collecting.Obtaining Blood Specimens Peripherally and Through a Central Line Peripheral Venous Blood Samplesĭrawing a peripheral venous blood sample is done in this manner: More information about this client education was previously discussed in the section entitled " Applying a Knowledge of Related Nursing Procedures and Psychomotor Skills When Caring for Clients Undergoing Diagnostic Testing". For example, a client in the community may be instructed to remain NPO after midnight. Educating the Client About the Purpose and Procedure of Prescribed Laboratory TestsĪs previously discussed, clients must be educated about the purpose of the prescribed laboratory test, the procedure for the laboratory test and any preparation the laboratory tests that is indicated. The client's current laboratory values are compared to the normal laboratory values, as above, in order to determine the physiological status of the client and to compare the current values during treatment to the laboratory values taken prior to a treatment. Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH): 50-150 U/LĬomparing the Client's Laboratory Values to Normal Laboratory Values.Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR): Less than age/2 mm/hour.Angiotensin-converting enzyme: 23-57 U/L.Prostate-specific antigen (PSA): Prostatic acid phosphatase (PAP): 0-3 U/dL.Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA): Beta human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG): Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH): 0.5-5 mIU/L.Progesterone: 70-280 (ovulation), ng/dL.Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH): 1-10 IU/L (male), 1-10 IU/L (female, follicular/luteal), 5-25 IU/L (female, ovulation), 30-110 IU/L (postmenopause).Estradiol: 1.5-5 ng/dL (male), 2-14 ng/dL (female, follicular), 2-16 ng/dL (female, luteal), Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH): 4.5-20 pmol/L.17 hydroxyprogesterone (female, follicular): 0.2-1 mg/L.Aspartate aminotransferase (AST): 5-30 U/L.Alanine aminotransferase (ALT): 5-30 U/L.Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (pCO2): 35-45 mm Hg. ![]()
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